本研究选择规模化奶牛场和奶牛小区为试验点,采用微生物检测的常规方法,对奶牛舍内外环境空气中的细菌含量和金黄色葡萄球菌的分布及耐药情况进行了检测分析,结果显示,不同的牧场不同的牛舍环境空气中细菌菌落总数不同,相同的牧场不同的牛舍细菌菌落总数不同,舍内高于舍外,舍外的上风口低于下风口,下风口100m低于50m。牛舍内外细菌菌落总数最高的是奶牛小区B舍的4号采样点(132.15×103cfu/m3),最低的是规模化奶牛场A舍牛舍上风口50m(4.31×103cfu/m3),与国家标准比较,舍内细菌总数严重超标,舍外细菌总数在国家标准范围内。分离鉴定出15株金黄色葡萄球菌,占总数的25%(15/60)。耐药性检测结果显示,这15株金黄色葡萄球菌均对20种抗菌药物有多重耐药,最少为4耐,最多为11耐。最普遍的耐药类型是P-OX-AMP-SXT和P-OX-AMP-FOX-STR。
This study choses the scale dairy farms and the cow plot, with the conventional method of microbiological testing experiment, for understanding the content of bacteria in the air and environment inside and outside of the cow house and drug resistance ofStaphylococcus aureus. The results show that different ranch barn in ambient air of the total number of colonies of bacteria is different. In the same pasture different cowshed, the total number of bacterial colonies inner is higher than that of outside, the upper air outlet is lower than that of the lower air outlet, downwind 100m below 50m. The total number of bacterial colonies of 4 sampling points (132.15×103 cfu/m3)of cow plot B is the highest, the lowest is large-scale dairy farm on A shed barn tuyere 50m (4.31×103cfu/m3) among inside and outside of the barn. Compared with the national standard, inner bacteria to total exceeds bid badly, outside,s is in the scope of the national standard. A total of 15 beadsStaphylococcus aureus were separated and identiifed with 25% of the total (15/60). Resistance test results showed that 15 strains ofStaphylococcus aureus have multiple drug resistance to 20 kinds of antimicrobial agents, for at least 4 resistant, resistant up to 11.The most common type of drug resistance is P-OX-AMP-SXT and P-OX-AMP-FOX-STR.