为理清蓄冷型冷藏车动态热力特性影响因素,本文基于热平衡理论建立蓄冷车动态传热数学模型并根据实验结果验证模型的准确性.通过模型研究冷板肋高、蓄冷材料、环境温度以及果蔬呼吸热等参数变化对厢体热力特性的影响规律.结果表明:冷板肋高增加对于厢体内空气温降速率有明显增强效果,从无肋增加至肋高 12 mm温降速率提升 132.31%,并可达到更低的稳定温度;蓄冷材料过冷度增加或质量增多,可有效提升厢体换热效果和运输时间,过冷度增加对温降速率提升更明显;当外界环境温度提升10℃或运输果蔬呼吸热增加 80 W/t,厢体内温度波动均在 1℃以内,蓄冷冷藏车均具有良好的温度稳定性.
In order to clarify the factors of the dynamic thermal characteristics of the cold storage refrigerated vehicle,a mathematical model of dynamic heat transfer of the refrigerated vehicle is established based on the heat balance theory,and the accuracy of the model is verified by the experimental results.Through the model,the influence law of the variation of finned height of cold plate,cold storage material,environmental temperature,respiratory heat of fruits and vegetables on the vehicle body thermal characteristics are explored.The results show that the increase of finned height of cold plate has a significant effect on the air temperature drop rate in the body,and the temperature drop rate increases by 132.31%when the finned height increases from non-fin to 12 mm,and a lower stable temperature can be reached.The increase of subcooling degree or the mass of the storage material can effectively improve the heat transfer effect and transportation time of the body,and the increase of subcooling degree has more obvious improvement on the temperature drop rate.The temperature fluctuation in the body are all within 1℃when the external environment temperature increases by 10℃or the respiratory heat of fruits and vegetables increases by 80 W/t,and the cold storage refrigerated vehicle has good temperature stability.