为研究在大田环境中喷施高剂量吡虫啉对蜜蜂采集行为的影响,在山西省太原市苜蓿田选择相互隔离的地块分别喷施推荐剂量、推荐剂量2倍及推荐剂量4倍的吡虫啉,检测吡虫啉在苜蓿花、叶中的残留情况,考察各处理区内蜜蜂采集、出归巢等情况.结果表明,吡虫啉在苜蓿叶中的降解速度高于在花中的降解速度,降解时间随施药剂量的升高而延长;当提高施药剂量后,蜜蜂在短期内死亡量增加,单花采集时间延长,采集效率降低,携粉归巢蜂量降低,随着药后时间的延长,不同剂量处理间的差距逐渐减小.
This study aims to investigate the impact of spraying high doses of imidacloprid on honey bees foraging in a field environment.Three isolated plots were chosen and imidacloprid was applied at the recommended dose,twice the recommended dose,and four times the recommended dose,respectively.Honey bee foraging and return behaviors were studied,and the residues of imidacloprid in both alfalfa flowers and leaves were tested.The results showed that with the increase in imidacloprid application dose,the number of dead honey bees increased,the foraging time per flower prolonged,and the number of pollen-carrying bees returned to the hive decreased.Additionally,there was a significant difference in the degradation rate of imidacloprid,with the alfalfa leaves degrading the chemical at a higher rate than flowers,and the higher the application dose,the longer it took for imidacloprid to break down.