闷黄过程中,黄茶中的生化成分在湿热作用下发生剧烈变化,如叶绿素因湿热引起的氧化降解反应而含量锐减;儿茶素因氧化和异构化反应,其组分及比例发生明显改变;氨基酸和可溶性糖含量亦有所变化等。这些变化为形成黄茶黄汤黄叶、醇爽口感等独特品质奠定了重要的物质基础。文章对闷黄过程中,黄茶主要品质成分和微生物动态变化规律,以及闷黄工艺关键影响因子等进行了综述,并对闷黄工艺研究趋势作了展望。
During the piling process, dramatic changes of biochemical components in tea leaves are occurred under heat and humid effects: the content of chlorophyll drops sharply under oxidative degradation reactions, the composition and proportion of catechins are significantly changed under oxidation and isomerization reactions, the contents of amino acids and soluble sugar are also been changed. These changes provide an important material foundation for the unique quality formation of yellow tea: yellow soup, yellow leaves, mellow taste, etc. This paper reviewed the dynamic variation of quality biochemical compositions and microorganism in the piling process, the key influencing factors of piling process, as well as puts the prospects for the future research trends of piling technology.