挤压成形是变断面结构一种重要的成形工艺,采用有限元软件对 2A12 铝合金变断面管材挤压过程进行了数值模拟.研究了挤压过程中温度场和应变场在整个挤压过程中的变化特征,坯料温度、挤压速度、工作带长度和挤压模具锥角对模具口处温度场和应变场的影响规律.结果表明:随着挤压模具锥角、挤压速度的增加和坯料温度的降低,出口处温度场和应变场均匀性降低;工作带长度的变化对出口温度场和应变场的影响较小.
Extrusion is an important forming process of variable section structure,and the extrusion process of 2A12 aluminum alloy variable section pipe was numerically simulated by finite element software.The variation characteristics of temperature field and strain field in the extrusion process of variable section pipe were studied.The influence of billet temperature,extrusion speed,die bearing length and cone angle of extrusion die on the temperature field and strain field at the mold mouth.The results show that with the increase of extrusion die cone angle,extrusion speed,and the decrease of billet temperature,the uniformity of temperature and strain fields at the outlet decreases.The change in the length of the die bearing has little effect on the outlet tempera-ture field and strain field.