燃料电池是一种能量密度高而功率密度低的化学电源,超级电容器是一种能量密度低而功率密度高的新型电化学储能装置,它的特性与燃料电池相反.基于它们的互补性特征,提出了一种将燃料电池和超级电容器复合构成高能量密度和高功率密度复合化学电源的策略.此类复合化学电源能满足持续性高能量输出和脉冲性高功率输出.对基于酶生物燃料电池、直接甲醇燃料电池和氢燃料电池的复合化学电源相关报道进行阐述,并概述了不同复合化学电源的构筑方法和研究策略.
Fuel cell is an electrochemical energy conversion device with high energy density but low power density.Supercapacitor is a novel type of electrochemical energy storage device with low en-ergy density but high power density.Characteristics of fuel cell and supercapacitor are opposite.A strategy is proposed to combine fuel cells and supercapacitors to form a high energy and power den-sity hybrid electric power device,which can satisfy continuous energy output and high pulsed power output.In this review,reports on hybrid devices based on enzyme biofuel cells,direct methanol fuel cells,and hydrogen fuel cells are described.Preparation methods and research strategies for different hybrid devices are outlined.