中兽药散剂大黄末是《中国兽药典》中少数几个单味制剂,具有健胃消食、泄热通肠、凉血解毒、破积行瘀的功能,广泛用于马、牛、羊、猪等大动物,也可用于兔、禽及水产动物.如今大黄末等大黄兽药制剂临床应用大多集中在动物实热便秘,用于泻热通肠;而大黄抑菌抗炎、消除耐药性、抗病毒等功能实际应用很少.近年来,国内外对大黄的化学成分、药理、毒理作用及活性成分等有大量深入的研究,本文将有关活性成分研究结果和畜禽及部分人药临床使用情况进行综述和讨论,为大黄进一步研究以及在动物临床使用提供参考.
Rhubarb powder is one of the few single-flavor preparations in Chinese veterinary pharmacopoeia,which has the functions of stomach-strengthening and food-eliminating,heat-relieving and intestine-clearing,blood-cooling and detoxification,and breaking up accumulation and blood stasis.It is widely used in large animals such as horses,cattle,sheep and pigs,and can also be used in rabbits,poultry and aquatic animals.Nowadays,the clinical application of rhubarb powder in veterinary drug preparations mostly focuses on the animal damp-heat constipation to purge heat and clear intestines.However,rhubarb has little application in bacteriostasis,anti-inflammation,drug resistance and anti-virus.In recent years,there have been a large number of in-depth studies on the chemical composition,pharmacology,toxicological effects and active ingredients of rhubarb at home and abroad.In this paper,the research results of active ingredients and the clinical application of animal,poultry and some human drugs were reviewed and discussed,which provided reference and exploration for further research and animal clinical application.