针对流域内联合电站数目众多但利益分配存在纠纷的情况,旨在提出一种更为合理的梯级电站利益分配方法.基于Shapley值法和TOPSIS法,综合考虑电站贡献及电站对不同客观分摊方法的相对满意程度,建立TOPSIS-Shap-ley值法梯级电站补偿效益分摊模型,同时为解决Shapley值法在求解多利益主体梯级电站联合调度增益分配问题中的局限性,引入聚合降维思想.模型思路如下:将上游电站联合调度前后梯级发电效益的增量作为补偿效益,首先采取四种不同的客观分摊方法对电站特性参数指标进行计算,构成TOPSIS的基础决策矩阵,利用TOPSIS原理得出电站对各个分摊方法的相对满意度,同时采用联盟博弈理论,计算电站所有可能联盟方式下的发电效益,得到基于Shapley值的补偿效益分摊结果,最后将TOPSIS原理得出的分摊系数与由Shapley值法所得的分摊系数结合形成综合分摊权重,应用于黑河上游的八级电站补偿效益分摊中.工程应用实例表明:该方法不仅考虑了联盟电站对整体的边际贡献和各电站的分摊满意程度,且兼顾了电站的特性指标差异,合理量化和分配了各电站间的发电补偿效益,分摊结果公平合理、易被各方接受,可促进流域各级电站参与联合调度从而达到整体效益最大的目标,对于数量较多的梯级水电站补偿效益分配问题具有重要参考意义.
In view of the large number of joint power stations in the basin but the existence of disputes in the distribution of benefits,a more reasonable method of benefit distribution for cascade power stations is proposed.Based on Shapley value method and TOPSIS method,con-sidering the contribution of power stations and the relative satisfaction of power stations with different objective allocation methods,this pa-per establishes a compensation benefit allocation model of cascade power stations based on TOPSIS-Shapley value method.At the same time,in order to solve the limitation of Shapley value method in solving the problem of joint scheduling gain allocation of multi-stakeholder cascade power stations,the paper introduces the idea of aggregation dimension reduction.The idea of the model is as follows:the increment of the cascade power generation benefits before and after the joint dispatching of the upstream power station is taken as the compensation ben-efit.Firstly,four different objective allocation methods are used to calculate the characteristic parameter indexes of the power station to form the basic decision matrix of TOPSIS.The TOPSIS principle is used to obtain the relative satisfaction of the power station to each allocation method.At the same time,the coalition game theory is used to calculate the power generation benefits of all possible coalition modes of the power station,and the compensation benefit allocation results based on Shapley value are obtained.Finally,the allocation coefficient ob-tained by TOPSIS principle is combined with the allocation coefficient obtained by Shapley value method to form a comprehensive allocation weight,which is applied to the compensation benefit allocation of eight-stage power station in the upper reaches of the Heihe River.The engi-neering application example shows that the method not only considers the marginal contribution of the union power station to the whole and the satisfaction degree of each power station,but also takes into account the difference of the characteristic index of the power station,and reasonably quantifies and distributes the power generation compensation benefit among the power stations.The allocation result is fair and reasonable and easy to be accepted by all parties,which can promote the power stations at all levels in the basin to participate in the joint dis-patching so as to achieve the goal of maximizing the overall benefit.It has an important reference significance for the distribution of compensa-tion benefits of a large number of cascade hydropower stations.