基于国内外电爆桥膜换能元技术的研究现状,总结了桥膜换能元的基本结构和类型,给出了V形桥区电阻和质量的计算方法;并提出了电容放电输入和长脉冲恒流输入条件下桥膜换能元的电热致电爆换能模型,以便估算桥膜换能元温升及临界爆发参数.采用溅射镀膜方法制备了多种不同结构的桥膜芯片及其桥塞换能元,测试表明桥膜芯片的电阻偏差均小于±5%.电爆实验表明,电阻/质量为2.25Ω/0.196μg的芯片与Φ3.4 mm的桥塞所集成的换能元,在24V/33μF放电下的爆发时间为87 μs,瞬发度很高;5 min恒流脉冲输入的不爆发电流约为0.91 A,电流安全性较好.电阻/质量分别为1.03Ω/0.259μg和1.05Ω/0.095μg的芯片与Φ3.4 mm的桥塞所集成的换能元,5 min恒流脉冲输入的不爆发电流均大于1.32 A,电流安全性较高.
Based on the research status of electric exploding bridge film energy convertor technology at home and abroad,the principal structure and type of bridge film energy convertor were summarized,the calculation methods of resistance and mass of V shaped bridge were provided.In both condition of capacity discharge and constant current input,an energy convertion model for electric heat to electric exploding was proposed to estimete the temperature rise and the critical explosion parameters of the bridge film.A serial of bridge film chips and energy convertors with cylindrical substrate were prepared by sputtering coating method,and the devation of resitance was about±5%.The electric explosion tests show that,for energy convertor assembled by the chips with resistance/mass of 2.25Ω/0.196μg and Φ3.4mm cylindrical substrste,the exploding time is 87 μs by 24V/33μF discharge,indicating that its instantaneousness is high,while the unexploding current is 0.91 A by 5 min constant current input.For energy convertors assembled by the chips with resistance/mass of 1.03Ω/0.259μg,1.05Ω/0.095μg and Φ3.4mm cylindrical substrste,the unexploding current by 5min constant current input are all above 1.32 A,indicating that their current safety is higher.