企业生产产生的固体废物种类多样、成分复杂,若未经妥善处理处置,将会对生态环境造成不可逆转损害,同时其中具有危险特性的危险废物进入环境后损害更为严重.以某环境事件中的污泥样品为研究对象,根据待鉴别对象理化性状情况,采集代表性样品5个,采用先有机定性扫描后进行浸出毒性苯、甲苯、二甲苯指标定量检测的鉴别技术路线,最后根据样品检测结果判定待鉴别对象为具有甲苯浸出毒性危险特性的危险废物.本研究采用"定性-定量"相结合技术方法进行固体废物环境应急鉴别工作,具有样品采集数量少、指标检测具有针对性、成本低、鉴别时间短等优点,值得在环境事件固体废物应急鉴别工作中推广应用.
The solid waste produced by enterprises has a variety of types and complex components.If not properly treated and disposed of,it will cause irreversible damage to the ecological environment,among which hazardous waste with hazardous characteristics will be more severely damaged after entering the environment.Taking the sludge sample in an environmental event as the research object,five representative samples were collected according to the physical and chemical properties of the object to be identified.The identification Technology roadmap of quantitative detection of leaching toxic benzene,toluene and xylene indicators after organic qualitative scanning was adopted.According to the sample detection results,the object to be identified was determined to be a hazardous waste with toxic characteristics of toluene leaching.This study adopts a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques for the environmental emergency identification of solid waste.It has the advantages of small sample collection quantity,targeted indicator testing,low cost,and short identification time.It is worth promoting and applying in the emergency identification of solid waste in environmental events.