背景 正常成人视盘的盘沿宽度符合下方(I)≥上方(S)≥鼻侧(N)≥颞侧(T)的ISNT原则,通过对海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪(HRT)视盘结构参数的分析可以了解ISNT原则是否适用于其他视盘结构参数. 目的 探讨中国健康成人视盘结构参数在不同象限中的分布规律和特征.方法 采用横断面研究设计,选取2006年6月至2011年8月在中山大学中山眼科中心参加广州双生子研究的家长作为受试者.所有受试者均完成视力、裂隙灯显微镜、直接检眼镜、自动验光仪和HRT-Ⅲ检查,受试者右眼的测量数据纳入研究,对不同性别间各参数测量值的差异、视盘不同象限间测量指标的差异和特征进行分析,采用单因素方差分析比较不同象限的HRT测量值,用Bonferroni法进一步进行多重检验.结果 纳入研究1672人1672眼,其中男759人,女913人;平均年龄(41.8±5.3)岁.检测结果显示,视盘下方与上方的视盘面积(DA)、鼻侧与颞侧的DA测量值差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);视盘上方与鼻侧的盘沿面积(RA)以及视盘下方、上方和鼻侧的盘沿容积(RV)差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),其他HRT视盘结构参数,如视杯面积(CA)、杯盘面积比(C/DAR)、视杯容积(CV)、平均视杯深度(MCD)、最大视杯深度(MxCD)、轮廓线高度变化(HVC)、视杯形态测量(CSM)、平均视网膜神经纤维层厚度(mRNFLT)和视网膜神经纤维层横断面积(RNFLcsa)在不同象限间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),但只有DA和RA的局部差异符合ISNT的原则.男性的DA、CA、C/DAR、CV、MCD、MxCD测量值较大,而RV、HVC mRNFLT和RNFLcsa测量值低于女性受试者,但这些差异均<0.1,平均差异最大的指标是DA和CA,均为0.07 mm2. 结论 中国健康成人眼HRT视盘结构参数在不同象限有不同的分布特征,多数结构参数在视盘上方、下方测量值大于鼻侧、颞侧,仅有DA和RA的局部差异符合ISNT原则.多数结构参数在性别之间有很小的差异,但不影响对整体人群视盘结构的评价.
Background Normal adult optic disc rim width follows inferior ≥ superior ≥ nasal ≥ temporal (ISNT) rule.Analysis of the optic disc structural parameters with Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT) can understand whether ISNT principle is suitable to other optic disc structure parameters.Objective This study was to investigate the characteristics of optic nerve head structure parameters in normal Chinese adults.Methods The parents of twins who participated Guangzhou Twin Eye Study were enrolled in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from 2006 June to 2011 August.All subjects received the routine eye examinations,including visual acuity,slit lamp microscope,direct ophthalmoscope examination,auto-refraction examination and HRT Ⅲ examination.All data from the right eyes were collected and analyzed.HRT values from different quadrants of optical nerve head were compared with one-way analysis of variance,and the multiple comparison between quadrants was carried out by Bonferroni test.The differences of optical nerve head parameters in different gender were analyzed using independent sample t test and Bland-Altman test.Results In this study,1672 eyes of 1672 subjects were included,with the 759 male and 913 female persons and average age of (41.8±5.3)years.No significant differences were seen in the disc area (DA)between the superior and inferior,as well as the nasal and temporal quadrants among the subjects (P>0.05).In addition,there were not significantly different in the rim area (RA) between the superior and nasal disc as well as the rim volume (RV) among the inferior,superior and nasal disc (P>O.05).However,significant differences were found in the cup area (CA),cup/disk area ratio (C/DAR),cup volume (CV),mean cupdepth (MCD),maximum cup depth (MxCD),height variation contour (HVC),cup shape measure (CSM),mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (mRNFLT) and retinal nerve fiber layer cross section area (RNFLcsa) among the different quadrants (P<0.001).The local differences from only DA and RA complied with an ordination of the ISNT rule.The values of DA,CA,C/DAR,CV,MCD,MxCD from male individuals were higher,but those of the RV,HVC,mRNFLT RNFLcsa were lower in comparison with female individuals.Nevertheless,all the differences were < 0.1 with a maximal mean difference in DA and CA (both 0.07 mm2).Conclusions The optical nerve head configurations measured by HRT have different distributing characteristics in four quadrants in normal adults.Most parameters show the higher values in the inferior and superior than those in nasal and temporal of disc,but DA and RA meet ISNT rule.The differences of most parameters between male and female subjects can be ignored.