王实味事件发生在毛泽东发动和领导的延安整风运动中.王实味被批斗并最终被错误处决, 使得延安整风运动的正当性遭到质疑, 也引发了一些研究者对毛泽东与王实味的相关评价产生争议, 主要集中在王实味"托派"帽子是否由毛泽东扣上、王实味作品暴露延安"阴暗面"是否在于动机不纯而为毛泽东所批判、王实味与丁玲在整风运动中的不同结局是否在于他们两人与毛泽东的私人关系不同、王实味之死是否由毛泽东一手造成等问题上.辨析这些争议性问题对于还原历史的真相并正确认识延安整风的历史地位与作用具有重要意义.
Wang Shiwei's event happened in the Yan'an rectification movement initiated and led by Mao Zedong.Because Wang Shiwei was wrongly criticized and put to death, which not only made the rectification movement's legitimacy questioned but also triggered researchers'controversy about the relevant evaluation of both Mao Zedong and Wang Shiwei.The main controversies are as follows:whether Wang Shiwei's"Trotskyist"was imposed by Mao Zedong;whether Wang Shiwei's works exposing ugly facts of Yan'an touched the interests of Mao Zedong and others;whether, in the rectification movement, the different ending of Wang Shiwei and Ding Ling lay in the personal relationship with Mao Zedong and whether Wang Shiwei's death was caused single-handedly by Mao Zedong.It is of great significance to distinguish these controversial issues to restore the history truth and correctly understand the historical status and role of Mao Zedong and Yan'an rectification movement.