针对产品内部质量分布不均、材料和结构特性不同,建立产品包装系统模型,通过数值仿真和实验研究产品包装系统的振动传递特性,并探究在限带白噪声谱和ASTM卡车运输谱激励下产品包装系统的振动响应规律.利用状态空间法和MATLAB/Simulink仿真工具对产品包装系统进行随机振动仿真分析,研究缓冲衬垫材料参数对路径的频响传递函数和产品动态响应的影响.研究结果表明:在产品的四条振动传递路径中,刚度和质量分布大的路径上的频响传递函数和质量块的振动响应更大;产品内部的阻尼参数对各路径的频响传递函数和质量块的加速度响应基本无影响;关键元件上的加速度响应大小介于产品各路径上质量块的加速度响应大小之间;较大的缓冲衬垫阻尼有利于降低关键元件上加速度响应功率谱(PSD)的共振峰大小,较大的缓冲衬垫刚度使关键元件响应PSD共振频率和共振峰值均增大.外部激励谱型、系统的振动传递特性和共振频率附近的激励谱能量对缓冲衬垫的减振效果均有影响.仿真分析和实验研究下的产品包装系统的随机响应规律具有一致性.
The vibration transfer characteristics of the product packaging system are investigated through numerical simulations and experiments,and the vibration response of the product packaging system is investigated under the excitation of the band limited white noise spectrum and ASTM truck highway spectrum.The state-space method and MATLAB/Simulink simulation tools are used to carry out random vibration simulation analysis of the product packaging system to investigate the effect of cushion liner ma-terial parameters on the frequency response transfer function of the path and the dynamic response of the product.The results are as follows:among the four vibration transfer paths of the product,the frequency response transfer function and the vibration response of the mass block are larger in the path with large mass distribution and large stiffness;the damping parameters inside the product on the path have no effect on the frequency response transfer function and the acceleration response of the mass block on each path;the acceleration response on the key component is between the response of each part of the product;a larger cushion liner damping helps to reduce the resonance peak of the acceleration response power spectrum(PSD)on the key component,and larger cushion stiffness increases both the PSD resonance frequency and the resonance peak of the key component's response.The external excita-tion spectral patterns,the vibration transfer characteristics of the system and the excitation spectral energy near the resonance fre-quency all have effects on the damping effect of the cushion liner.The random response law of the product packaging system under the simulation analysis is consistent with experimental study,and the results provide a theoretical basis for product packaging de-sign.