胰岛具有控制能量代谢的重要作用.全球糖尿病发病率快速增加,引起了科学家对胰岛细胞生物学研究的重视.然而,胰岛分离困难,且费用昂贵,胰岛功能在生物及分子水平上很难获得更加全面的认识.过去胰岛来源的细胞系由于其分化不稳定,仅作为原代胰岛细胞的替代品.如今,人们通过紫外线照射、病毒转染等方法建立了多种胰岛β细胞系,保持了很多正常胰岛的关键功能特性,而成为研究胰岛细胞生物学的有效工具.不同种类细胞系的生物学特征各有不同,根据研究需要,采用基因工程的方法创建更适合的亚系,是迄今为止改善细胞系特性的主要方法,为不同方面的研究提供便利.
Pancreatic islet has the important role in controlling energy metabolism.A rapidly increasing incidence of diabetes in the world has attracted the attention of the scientists in the islet cell biology.However,the separation of islet is difficult and expensive,the function of islet is difficult to obtain more comprehensive understanding in the biological and molecular levels.The cell lines of islet source were only used as a substitute for the original generation of islet cells because the differentiation is not stable in the past.Nowadays,people have established a wide variety of islet β cell lines through ultraviolet light,virus transfection and other methods,they keep a lot of normal key features,and become the effective tools for the study of islet cell biology.The biological characteristics of different kinds of cell lines are different.The main methods to improve cell line features so far are to create more suitable sublines by the method of genetic engineering according to research needs in order to provide conveniences for the different aspects of the study.