以山西省某典型桥梁钢结构厂的有组织排放(YZ)、无组织排放(WZ)、近距离环境受体(HJ1)和远距离环境受体(HJ2)气体样品中的119种挥发性有机物(VOCs)进行了污染特征研究,并对其臭氧生成潜势(OFP)和健康风险进行了评价.结果表明:WZ、YZ、HJ1和HJ2的总VOCs(TVOCs)质量浓度依次为23 315.80、19 289.75、1 679.22和612.03 μg/m3.YZ和WZ排放的主要污染物和对OFP贡献最高的种类均为芳香烃,主要排放物种均为二甲苯、乙苯和丙酮,三者累计分别占YZ和WZ中TVOCs浓度的85%和76%.距离排放源越远,环境受体中的醛酮类占比越大.重防腐涂料排放源的苯/乙苯(B/E)和甲苯/二甲苯(T/X)比值明显小于其他污染源,提示其可用于该类污染源在环境中的有效识别.健康风险评价表明长期暴露在喷涂车间及其周围区域存在较高的非致癌和致癌风险.
The pollution characteristics of 119 VOCs from stack emission(YZ)and unorganized emission(WZ)of a typical bridge-steel structure plant in Shanxi Province,as well as one short-range environmental receptor(HJ1)and one long-range environmental receptor(HJ2)were studied.Then,the ozone formation potential(OFP)and health risks of those samples were assessed.The results showed that the mass concentrations of the total VOCs(TVOCs)at WZ,YZ,HJ1 and HJ2 were 23 315.80,19 289.75,1 679.22 and612.03 μg/m3,respectively.The main VOC group and OFP contributor in YZ and WZ emissions was aromatic hydrocarbons.The main pollutants were xylene,ethylbenzene and acetone,the sum of which accounted for 85%and 76%of the TVOCs at YZ and WZ,respectively.The farther away from the emission source,the greater the proportions of aldehydes and ketones at the environmental receptors.Benzene/ethylbenzene(B/E)and toluene/xylene(T/X)ratios in the emissions of heavy anti-corrosion coating in this study were significantly lower than other emission sources,so they can be used to diagnose these sources in the environment.Health risk assessments indicated high non-carcinogenic and carcino-genic risks associated with long-term exposure to environment of painting workshop and its surrounding areas.