Tibetan is a typical ethnic minority population in Southwest China, which can be divided into U-Tsang, Kham, Amdo, Jiarong and other sub-populations. However, the genetic structure of these sub-populations has not been comprehensively analyzed, especially from the perspective of paternal and maternal lineages. Based on genetic markers of autosomes, the Y chromosome and mitochondria, we studied four Tibetan populations (the U-Tsang population in Tibet Autonomous Region; the Kham population in Garze, Sichuan province; the Amdo population in Qinghai province and the Jiarong population in Aba, Sichuan province) to interpret their genetic structure. The mini-sequencing technology was used to detect the genotype of each maker. Meanwhile, the PowerPlex藏族为中国西南地区典型的少数民族,分为卫藏、康巴、安多和嘉绒等多个支系。然而,对藏族支系人群的遗传结构,特别是各分支人群的父系、母系遗传结构却缺乏深度解析。本研究基于个体水平的常染色体、父系来源的Y染色体和母系来源的线粒体3个类别遗传信息,对西藏地区卫藏藏族、四川甘孜地区康巴藏族、青海地区安多藏族和四川阿坝地区嘉绒藏族共4个藏族群体进行研究,以揭示其遗传亚结构关系。采用微测序技术检测各位点分型,利用PowerPlex