Box tree moth (Cydalima perspectalis) is a butterfly species, belonging to a family of Crambidae, which attacks boxwood plants and causes severe damage to this decorative cultivated plant. The species is native to Asia, and was recorded in Europe for the first time in 2006, in Germany. Since then, it has quickly spread all over the continent, including almost country in our region. Therefore, its occurrence in Serbia is not an exception. The inspection of the boxwood plants in the vicinity of Belgrade in 2014 revealed the presence of this invasive moth in Serbia, while its discovery on the territory of the Province of Vojvodina in 2015 unambiguously proves its distribution and settlement in our country. What is very significant in case of this, for our country new, pest species is that its larvae can completely defoliate a box tree very quickly, and since they are active throughout the growing season, the plants have no chance to recover and grow new leaves. Bearing in mind that boxwood trees are ornamental plants found in many public and private spaces, some of which are protected by law, its importance cannot be overstated. This paper shows new localities in which the presence of the box tree moth was confirmed in Serbia, including its basic morphological characteristics, developmental stages, symptoms and significance of a possible attack.