Hyperlipidemia is regarded as a public health matter, and its effective prevention and treatment are urgently required. However, the treatment of hyperlipidemia is still relatively scarce.Fermented Cerasus humilis fruit (FCHF) had higher total flavonoid, total phenolic, procyanidin, and organic and free amino acid and lower total sugar content than non-fermented Cerasus humilis fruit (NFCHF). Both FCHF and NFCHF treatment significantly prevent putting on weight. Besides, FCHF administration ameliorated hyperlipidemia and cholesterol over-accumulation. Furthermore, FCHF administration activated the antioxidase system and decrease the MDA content to relieve oxidative stress, and showed more efficaciously than NFCHF administration. FCHF treatments significantly reverse the fat deposition in HFD rat liver. FCHF supplementation can relieve the dysbacteriosis induced by Hyperlipidemia, and regulate the composition of rat gut microbiota by increasing the abundance of Prevotella and norank_f_Muribaculaceae.Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) fermentation enhanced the antihyperlipidemic property of Cerasus humilis (C. humilis) fruits by promoting gut microbiota regulation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.