We documented a number of brown bear Ursus arctos kills in rail and road accidents, for property protection and for control of bear-inflicted damage. The data were collected by interviewing local people and from the field surveys conducted in the Savadkuh County located in the north of Iran during the spring of 2015. Three bears were killed, i.e. were shot dead or killed in rail and road accidents. During the first commercial harvesting in the area, the financial loss through bear-inflicted damage to orchard trees, fences, and drip irrigation network was estimated at over 17600 €. The bear is listed as a protected species by the Iranian Department of the Environment and this critical state is a great challenge to bear conservation in the area.