A meta-analytic review was conducted to assess the current knowledgeregarding caregiver training effectiveness for human-human and human-caninedyads. The results showed that most canine-related sources (66%; n=19) werecase studies reporting a decrease of learner undesired behavior when using oralinstruction/advice (21%; n=6). Most of the human-related research used singlecase designs (57%; n=26) reporting an increase in desired learner behavior(22%; n=10) when caregivers received multi-component training packages,including two or more approaches (17%, n=8). The meta-analysis of betweengroup-design studies (n=18) revealed that interventions had a large effect (Hedges’ g=0.88, 95%CI [0.68-1.07]), with packages yielding a slightly larger moderate effect (Hedges’ g=0.76, 95%CI [0.60-0.91]) than oralinstruction/advice alone (Hedges’ g=0.74, 95%CI [0.32-1,15]). Although theshown effectiveness of caregiver training is promising, the results should beinterpreted cautiously. Due to the preponderance of case studies within caninerelated literature and the insufficient reporting of data across sources, only few studies could be included in the meta-analysis. Overall, more systematic andcomparative research regarding the efficacy of caregivers in behavior changeprograms across species is needed.