Objective: To analyze the effect of the sequential therapy of lamivudine and α-interferon on cellular immune function as well as serum PD-1 and Tin-3 levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods: A total of 92 cases of patients with chronic hepatitis B who were treated in our hospital from May 2012 to May 2015 were selected as the research subjects and divided into observation group and control group (n=46) according to the random number table. Control group received lamivudine treatment alone, observation group received the sequential therapy of lamivudine and α-interferon, and then differences in ultrasound-related indexes, cellular immune function as well as PD-1 and Tin-3 levels were compared between two groups. Results: After observation group received the sequential therapy of lamivudine and 毩-interferon, ultrasonic major diameter of left hepatic lobe and PVM values were greater than those of control group, and internal diameter of portal vein was lower than that of control group; CD4+T and CD4+T/ CD8+T values of observation group were higher than those of control group, and CD8+T value was lower than that of control group; circulating blood CD8+T cell PD-1 and Tim-3 expression levels of observation group were lower than those of control group. Conclusion: Sequential therapy of lamivudine and α-interferon can optimize the cellular immune function of patients with chronic hepatitis B and inhibit the negative regulation process of immune function, and it helps to inhibit hepatitis B virus activity and disease control.