An Updated Classification System and Review of the Lipooligosaccharide Biosynthesis Gene Locus in Campylobacter jejuni
- Resource Type
- Authors
- Alexandra Woodacre; Gemma L Marsden; Lee Machado; Amber Hameed
- Source
- Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 11 (2020)
Frontiers in Microbiology
- Subject
- Microbiology (medical)
lipooligosaccharide
lcsh:QR1-502
Review
medicine.disease_cause
Guillain–Barré syndrome
Microbiology
Campylobacter jejuni
lcsh:Microbiology
Lipid A
03 medical and health sciences
Genotype
Gene cluster
Genetic variation
medicine
Typing
Gene
ganglioside mimics
Miller Fisher syndrome
030304 developmental biology
Genetics
0303 health sciences
biology
030306 microbiology
Campylobacter
biology.organism_classification
- Language
- ISSN
- 1664-302X
Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) is an integral component of the Campylobacter cell membrane with a structure of core oligosaccharides forming inner and outer core regions and a lipid A moiety. The gene content of the LOS core biosynthesis cluster exhibits extensive sequence variation, which leads to the production of variable cell surface LOS structures in Campylobacter. Some LOS outer core molecules in Campylobacter jejuni are molecular mimics of host structures (such as neuronal gangliosides) and are thought to trigger neuronal disorders (particularly Guillain-Barré syndrome and Miller Fisher syndrome) in humans. The extensive genetic variation in the LOS biosynthesis gene cluster, a majority of which occurs in the LOS outer core biosynthesis gene content present between lgtF and waaV, has led to the development of a classification system with 23 classes (A-W) and four groups (1-4) for the C. jejuni LOS region. This review presents an updated and simplified classification system for LOS typing alongside an overview of the frequency of C. jejuni LOS biosynthesis genotypes and structures in various C. jejuni populations.