Additional file 1: Figure S1. Distribution of changes in ABI during follow-up period. Figure S2. Correlation matrix of metabolites. Figure S3. Association between the four key metabolites and different forms of changes in ABI. Figure S4. Correlation matrix between covariates and key metabolites associated with baseline ABI and/or prevalent CVD. Table S1. Frequency of constituent endpoints for both prevalent CVD and incident CVD in ET2DS. Table S2. Distribution of serum metabolites of the ET2DS at baseline. Table S3. Association between each metabolite and baseline ABI, adjusted for age and sex. Table S4. Association between key metabolites and baseline ABI in univariate analysis. Table S5. Association between key metabolites and baseline ABI as estimated by LASSO. Table S6. Association between the four key metabolites and follow-up ABI in univariate analysis. Table S7. Association between key metabolites and prevalent CVD at baseline in univariate analysis. Table S8. Association between key metabolites and prevalent CVD at baseline as estimated by LASSO. Table S9. Association between the four key metabolites and incident CVD over 10 years in univariate analysis. Table S10. Association between the four baseline ABI-associated metabolites and overall incident CVD with adjustment for age, gender and prevalent CVD.