Introduction: Music is a very complex stimulus, with many different psychological and physiological effects. Although the ways it works on us remain largely elusive, music has been recommended as therapeutic tool for a variety of physical, psychological, cognitive, as well as social problems. In order to get a better understanding of music as medicine, we have reviewed a number of articles and collected information about music medical usage in the treatment of various disorders and conditions. Materials and Methods: PubMed base has been searched for English-language articles of interest. Selected topics associated with music included stress, anxiety and depression, sleep disorders, as well as neurorehabilitation with focus on specific medical conditions. Results: Various studies demonstrated that listening to music can improve sleep, by promoting relaxation or serving as a distraction, and it has been recommended for treatment of both acute and chronic sleep disorders. Music can be used to alleviate anxiety, depression and pain, or for motivation and energizing. Positive influence of music on concentration, mood, stress reduction, as well as heart rate and blood pressure, have been also reported. In addition, various subtypes of music therapy can be a useful tool in neurorehabilitation of disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, due to beneficial effects on patient’s motor, cognitive and psychological disturbances. Conclusion: Unlike drugs or medical procedures, music needs no government approval or clinical trials— it is inexpensive and simple way to improve the quality of people's lives and cannot hurt even if it fails to help.