Objective This study investigated for whom interdisciplinary pain management (IPM) is most effective. Identification of predictors of treatment responsivity would facilitate development of patient-treatment matching algorithms to optimize outcomes. Design Repeated measures prospective study of consecutive admissions to a two-week IPM program. Setting Brisbane Pain Rehabilitation Service in Brisbane, Australia. Subjects A total of 163 adults referred for chronic pain management. Methods Self-report questionnaires and measures of physical performance were obtained at program entry and completion. Group-level analyses were performed using standard parametric statistics. Individual-level change was assessed using recommended criteria. Multivariate analysis of variance and logistic regression were used to examine outcomes and predictors of response. Results Significant improvements were observed across psychological, social, and physical outcome domains. Up to 50% of participants had clinically meaningful improvements, while less than 10% deteriorated. Higher baseline depression, anxiety, stress, and pain catastrophizing scores predicted better group-level outcomes (Ps