Diabetes mellitus is one of the world’s main epidemics affecting 415 million people. Between patients with diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure (BP) is one of the main risk factors for microvascular problems like nephropathy and retinopathy. Experimental documents represents the severe blood pressure control decreases microvascular complications in diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the eminent reason of blindness between adults in all the world. Diabetic retinopathy is a well-known sight-threatening microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. In diabetic patients, different studies have constantly shown that excessive variability blood pressure is an absolute predictor of nephropathy and its precursors like microalbuminuria. There has been a lot of research on the control of blood pressure on microvascular complications, especially retinopathy. Some studies have suggested that visit-to-visit variability blood pressure is effective in controlling retinopathy and more have not reached a clear conclusion about the change in blood pressure on retinopathy. The aim of this study is to consider the contradictions that have existed in previous studies and given that no systematic review has been written on the effect of variability blood pressure. To summarize this, for the first time, a systematic review of visit-to-visit variability blood pressure on the risk of diabetic retinopathy.