Aim of the study: To evaluate the care, at the National Hospital of Niamey, of patients who suffered severe burns following the explosion of a petrol tank truck. Patients and methods: It was a descriptive and analytical prospective study that took place from May 6 to August 8, 2019. All the patients, victims of the explosion, who were taken care at the National Hospital of Niamey were included in the study. Our data were entered and analyzed by computer software such as Epi info 7.2.3.1, Word Office and Excel Office 2016. Fischer and Pearson tests were used, with a significant value p