Nanoparticles are a class of materials incorporating particulate substances and are characterized by a dimension measuring less than 100 nm. They are signified in their influence of their size and shapes on the physicochemical properties of a substance, which in turn influences their absorption properties ( Khan et al., 2019 ). This chapter reviews conventionally used nanoparticles in regenerative dentistry and will explore how these have been optimized to improve long-term outcomes. It is imperative that endodontic pathologies receive a sustained supply of antimicrobial drugs over a long period of time in order to achieve successful treatment outcomes ( Ng et al., 2015 ). The use of nanoparticles ensures these properties improving overall antimicrobial efficacy, even more so using functionalized nanoparticles. Nanoparticles in the endodontics field has been used in a number of applications including tissue regeneration, drug delivery systems, and antimicrobial administration, mainly aimed at improving overall oral health, particularly by eliminating biofilms and bacteria.