With the arrival of the artificial intelligence era, privacy disputes over the use of personal data derived from big data have appeared in greater numbers of instances. This paper explores the applications of artificial intelligence and big data to the medical industry, compares the differences in criteria and regulations for the identification of medical-use de-identified data between foreign and Taiwan practices, and further investigates the risks in using personal data, expecting that future legislation and practices in Taiwan provide better protection to the public for technology applications.