Additional file 1. Additional information about the restrictive antibiotic protocol, the results and the statistical analysis (file format in .pdf). I/ Restrictive antibiotic treatment protocol from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2015. Part 1. Initiation of antibiotic therapy. Part 2. Choice of the molecule. Part 3. Duration therapy. II/ Additional Tables and Figures. Table 1a: Prevalence of resistant bacteria in the hospital and in the ICU, 2014–2015. Table 1b: Prevalence of resistant bacteria in the hospital according to the unit and the origin of samples, 2014–2015. Table 2: Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and diagnosis upon admission to the ICU of all included patients. Table 3: Sepsis category during the study period. Figure 1a: Absolute main differences before and after weighted adjustment in the main analysis sample. Figure 1b: Absolute main differences before and after weighted adjustment in the subgroup receiving antibiotherapy. Figure 1c: Absolute main differences before and after weighted adjustment in the subgroup in septic shock. Figure 2: ROC curve of the propensity score in the main analysis.