espanolA traves del tiempo, se han generado multiples definiciones para estres, pero aun no se logra un consenso satisfactorio; en general, es percibido como una amenaza que pone en riesgo la armonia interna. Esta condicion genera como respuesta una serie de cambios fisiologicos (respuesta adaptativa) que buscan mantener el equilibrio; con la activacion subyacente de ejes como el hipotalamo-hipofisis-suprarrenal, cuyas sustancias liberadas tienen impacto en varios sistemas, lo que explicaria el desarrollo de ciertas enfermedades y justifica el uso de biomarcadores para la medicion objetiva del estres. Los medicos residentes en formacion se han identificado como una poblacion en riesgo para presentar estres, especificamente estres laboral o burnout (en ingles), el cual es posible medir de manera subjetiva mediante la aplicacion de cuestionarios como el Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI), y a traves del cual se ha identificado alta prevalencia de la condicion; sin embargo, aun no existe consenso respecto a las estrategias de medicion objetiva. La presente revision pretende explorar la literatura existente sobre los biomarcadores como herramientas de medicion de estres laboral en residentes. EnglishAcross the years, multiple definitions for stress have been generated, but a satisfactory consensus has not yet been reached; in general, it is perceived as a threat that risks the internal harmony. This condition generates in response a series of physiological changes (adaptive response) that seek to maintain the balance; with the underlying activation of axes such as the hypothalamus-pituitaryadrenal, whose released substances have an impact on several systems, which would explain the development of some diseases and justify the use of biomarkers for the objective measurement of stress. The resident physicians in training have been identified as a population at risk for presenting stress, specifically job stress or burnout, which is possible to measure subjetively by applying questionnaires such as the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI), which demonstrated a high prevalence of this condition; however, there is not a consensus yet regarding objective measurement strategies. The present review aims to explore the available literature on biomarkers as tools for measuring job stress in residents.