Myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with FGFR1 abnormalities, also known as the 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS),1,2 represent a recently recognized entity described in the 2008 WHO classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues,3 and have been recently reviewed by Jackson et al.4 EMS is a heterogeneous group of hematological neoplasms carrying a chromosomal abnormality involving the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), commonly presenting as chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms with eosinophilia and an aggressive course, with frequent occurrence of T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) and progression to acute myeloid leukemia, which usually has a poor prognosis.1,2,4–6 In many cases, lymphadenopathy and/or neck mass is the presenting symptom, for which fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with cytologic examination, a popular alternative to lymph node biopsy, may be requested. Certain cytomorphologic findings on FNA specimens from lymph nodes diagnosed as precursor T-LBL may suggest the presence of the EMS, which would warrant further investigation including, but not limited to, cytogenetic and molecular testing. We report a case of an FNA of an axillary lymph node performed in a patient with EMS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case describing FNA cytology of this entity.