Background: Preterm birth is a significant and growing public health problem leading to increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy is one of the factors that affect not only women's health but also the health of the newborn. However, the association between intimate partner violence during pregnancy and preterm birth was not adequately studied in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the association between intimate partner violence during pregnancy and preterm birth in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A facility-based age-matched case-control study was conducted among 420 women [140 cases (women who had preterm births) and 280 controls (women who had term births)] in six public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data was collected using a structured, intervieweradministered questionnaire. A woman who reported the experience of at least one act of violent act, either physical or sexual or emotional or controlling behaviours by an intimate partner during the index pregnancy period was considered exposed to intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Descriptive statistics were computed to describe the characteristics of study participants. Additionally, the association between intimate partner violence during pregnancy and preterm birth was analyzed using multivariable conditional logistics regression model. Statistical significance was declared at P