The ventricle peritoneal (VP) shunt is commonly used in the treatment of hydrocephalus. It is a relatively simple and effective technique, but around 70% of the patients with a VP shunt have a complication in their lifetime. Most of these complications are due to infection or mechanical dysfunction. The thoracic complications are rare. The present case is one of the small number of them found in the literature, describing hydrothorax as a complication of a VP shunt without catheter migration and without ascites.