Background: Soil microbial communities affect above-ground plant diversity and community composition by influencing plant growth performance. Several studies have tested the effect of soil bacterial microbiome on growth performance of native and invasive plants, but the influence of specific bacterial isolates has not been investigated. Here, we investigated the effects of soil bacterial exclusion by soil sterilization and by inoculation of Streptomycesrhizobacterial isolates on the growth performance of native and invasive Prosopiscongeners. Results: Plant growth performance of invasive P. juliflorawas significantly reduced when grown in sterilized soils, whereas native P. cinerariashowed enhanced growth performance in the sterilized soils. When grown in the soil inoculated with the specific Streptomycesisolate from P. juliflora(PJ1), the growth performance of invasive P. juliflorawas significantly enhanced while that of native P. cinerariaseedlings was significantly reduced. However, inoculation of P. cinerariaand P. julifloraseedlings with Streptomycesisolate from the rhizosphere of native P. cineraria(PC1) had no significant effect on the growth performances either of P. julifloraor P. cineraria. Conclusion: Our study reveals that invasive P. julifloraexperiences positive feedback from the non-native soil bacterial community, while the native P. cinerariaexperiences negative feedback from its soil bacterial community. Our results provide fresh experimental evidence for the enemy release hypothesis, and further our understanding of the contrasting growth-promoting effects of differentially recruited microbial species belonging to the same genus (Streptomyces) in the rhizospheres of alien invasive and native plants.