The incidence of injection drug use-associated infective endocarditis has been increasing rapidly over the last decade. Patients with drug use-associated infective endocarditis present an increasingly common clinical challenge with poor long-term outcomes and high reinfection and readmission rates. Their care raises issues unique to this population, including antibiotic selection and administration, indications for and ethical issues surrounding surgical intervention, and importantly management of the underlying substance use disorder to minimize the risk of reinfection. Successful treatment of these patients requires a broad understanding of these concerns. A multidisciplinary, collaborative approach providing a holistic approach to treating both the acute infection along with effectively addressing substance use disorder is needed to improve short-term and longer-term outcomes.
Competing Interests: Funding Support and Author Disclosures Dr Bearnot is supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Drug Abuse under grant K12DA043490. Dr Rosenfield has served as a consultant and/or Scientific Advisory Board member for Althea Medical, Angiodynamics, Boston Scientific, Contego, InspireMD, Magneto, Mayo Clinic, Neptune Medical, Phillips, Summa Therapeutics, Surmodics, Thrombolex, Terumo, and Truvic; holds equity in Accolade, Access Vascular, Aerami, Althea Medical, Contego, Cruzar Systems, Embolitech, Endospan, InspireMD, JanaCare, Magneto, Orchestra, PQ Bypass, Prosomnus, Shockwave, Summa Therapeutics, Thrombolex, Truvic, and Valcare; and is a Board Member for National PERT Consortium. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.
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