Testicular torsion with preserved flow: key sonographic features and value-added approach to diagnosis.
- Resource Type
- Academic Journal
- Authors
- Bandarkar AN; Department of Radiology, Mid-Atlantic Permanente Medical Group, 1890 Metro Center Drive, Reston, VA, 20190, USA. anjumnb@gmail.com.; Blask AR; Department of Radiology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA.
- Source
- Publisher: Springer-Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 0365332 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-1998 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03010449 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pediatr Radiol Subsets: MEDLINE
- Subject
- Language
- English
Testicular sonography has contributed greatly to the preoperative diagnosis of testicular torsion in the pediatric patient and is the mainstay for evaluation of acute scrotal pain. Despite its high sensitivity and specificity, both false-negative and false-positive findings occur. Presence of documented Doppler flow within the testis might be a dissuading factor for surgical exploration with resultant testicular loss in the false-negative cases. Our goal is to illustrate key sonographic features in the spectrum of testicular torsion with preserved testicular flow, and to describe how to differentiate testicular torsion from epididymitis in order to avoid the under-diagnosis of testicular torsion. We simplify the anatomy of the bell clapper testis. We also describe our sonographic protocol for testicular torsion and share valuable tips from our approach to challenging cases.