Using ICTs effectively is a major consideration for managers. This paper, which draws on 67 indepth interviews with advanced ICT users, looks at that empirical data through two lenses: Weick's notion of enactment and Langer's theory of mindfulness. We find that ICT use is more realistically explained by employing the concepts of enactment, scripts, and mindfulness/mindlessness in concert. Mindfulness is required for media richness theory to be predictive, and organizational members construct the richness of one medium through the use of other media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]