Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have attracted much attention in basic research, bioengineering and clinical research due to their strong functions of self-renewal, proliferation, low immunogenicity and multipolarity. Therefore, the safety of BMSCs has drawn the most attention from researchers, and the malignant differentiation potential of BMSCs has become one of the hot issues. In order to further improve researchers' understanding of BMSCs' malignant differentiation, this paper intends to review the research on BMSCs' malignant differentiation potential in recent years, in the hope of providing research assistance to relevant researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]