Mycobacterial Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in HIV is Associated With Protein-Altering Variants in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis-Related Genes.
- Resource Type
- Case Study
- Authors
- Rocco, Joseph M; Laidlaw, Elizabeth; Galindo, Frances; Anderson, Megan; Sortino, Ornella; Kuriakose, Safia; Lisco, Andrea; Manion, Maura; Sereti, Irini
- Source
- Journal of Infectious Diseases. 7/15/2023, Vol. 228 Issue 2, p111-115. 5p.
- Subject
- *IMMUNE reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
*CLINICAL trial registries
*MYCOBACTERIAL diseases
*HEMOPHAGOCYTIC lymphohistiocytosis
- Language
- ISSN
- 0022-1899
People with HIV (PWH) and mycobacterial infections can develop immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) after starting antiretroviral therapy. The pathophysiology of mycobacterial-IRIS overlaps with primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (pHLH). To assess possible genetic predisposition to IRIS, protein-altering variants in genes associated with HLH were evaluated in 82 PWH and mycobacterial infections who developed IRIS (n = 56) or did not develop IRIS (n = 26). Protein-altering variants in cytotoxicity genes were found in 23.2% of IRIS patients compared to only 3.8% of those without IRIS. These findings suggest a possible genetic component in the risk of mycobacterial IRIS in PWH. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT00286767, NCT02147405. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]