This article discusses the case of a newborn baby from a consanguineous Turkish family who experienced recurrent fevers and oral ulcers. Despite multiple evaluations and treatments for infectious causes, no causative organisms were found. The child was eventually diagnosed with an inborn error of immunity, specifically a defect in the interleukin 10 receptor subunit alpha (IL10RA) gene. Treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha antibody and corticosteroids, along with gut decontamination, resulted in significant improvement. The child later underwent a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and remained free of symptoms on follow-up. The article highlights the challenges and potential effectiveness of different therapeutic approaches for IL10 pathway defects. [Extracted from the article]