This document is an editorial for a special issue of the journal Minerals, focusing on the application of geophysical data interpretation in geological and mineral potential mapping. The editorial highlights 10 contributions that cover various topics and methodologies related to geophysical data interpretation. These include studies on fault lineaments and hydrocarbon prospects in the South Yellow Sea, improving computational efficiency in multi-trace impedance inversion, analyzing magnetic fabrics of volcanic fields, stochastic optimization for magnetic profile inversion, machine learning algorithms for mineral prospectivity mapping, depth estimation and edge detection techniques for gravity data, enhancement of potential field source boundaries, electrical prospecting of gold mineralization, interpretation of gravity, magnetic, and seismic data for hydrocarbon deposits, and an improved enhancement technique for gravity data. The editorial emphasizes the importance of integrating geological and geophysical information for mineral exploration and hopes that the papers will contribute to the development of processing and inversion techniques in this field. [Extracted from the article]