Simple Summary: Colombia is one of the countries most affected by spotted fever group Rickettsia spp. (SFGR) in Latin America, yet these infections are not nationally reportable. Diagnostic challenges and lack of vector surveillance are likely contributing to an understudy of these infections. This literature review aims to bring together the research articles related to SFGR in Colombia dating back to its first description in 1935. This review aims to identify areas for clinical management improvement and promote prospective SFGR investigation in Colombia. Spotted fever group Rickettsia spp. (SFGR) are a large group of tick-borne bacteria causing important emerging and re-emerging diseases that affect animals and humans. While SFGR are found worldwide, a lack of surveillance and misdiagnosis particularly affect South American countries. Colombia is a high burdened country in South America, yet rickettsioses are not deemed a nationally reportable condition limiting disease-specific public health resources. As mortality rates are high for one Rickettsia pathogen species, there is a great need to better understand the epidemiological and ecological factors that increase SFGR transmission risk regionally. This literature review provides an overview of Colombia-based SFGR studies connecting knowledge about both vectors and hosts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]