The article explores the concept of cosmic inflation, a modification of the Big Bang theory. It explains that the Big Bang theory suggests the universe originated from a compressed state, but to align with observations, it must include a period of superluminal expansion called inflation. The origins of inflation theory can be traced back to physicist Alan Guth, who proposed the idea in 1981. Inflation theory addresses various cosmological problems and has observational evidence supporting it, but further research and experiments are required for confirmation. [Extracted from the article]