The aim of the test was to study the relationship between HPLC fingerprint of Forsythia suspensa leaves from different producing areas in Shiyan area and its antioxidant and antibacterial activity, and preliminarily determine its antioxidant and antibacterial active substance basis, and provide reference for its quality control methods. HPLC fingerprints of forsythia leaves from ten different producing areas in Shiyan area were constructed, and the common peaks were determined by TCM chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation system (2012 edition). The antioxidant activity was determined by ABTS+ free radical scavenging method, and the antibacterial activity of Forsythia suspensa leaves water extract against Staphylococcus aureus was determined by Oxford cup method. Grey correlation degree and principal component analysis were combined to elucidate the spectral effect relationship between multi-component and pharmacodynamic data in fingerprint. The results showed that 13 common peaks were identified by the fingerprint of water extracts from Forsythia suspensa leaves, and the correlation degree between the 12 common peaks and the antioxidant and antibacterial effects was greater than 0.6, and the comprehensive score of principal component analysis was also consistent with the actual pharmacological activity results. The study indicates that Forsythia suspensa leaves in Shiyan area have potential development, and the quality of Forsythia suspensa leaves in Hualongyan and Qingshi village is the best. The antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Forsythia suspensa leaves are the result of synergistic action of many components. Forsythia glucoside A, forsythia glucoside and rutin are strongly correlated with the pharmacodynamic base substances, and the overall activity of Forsythia suspensa leaves water extract was positively correlated with the content of these characteristic components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]