Second, co-led by Black and Native American women in North Carolina, the Optimizing Reproductive and Preconception Health for Women with Chronic Conditions study was funded through a Eugene Washington Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute Engagement Award. Historically, male-predominant conditions, such as prostate cancer, have been funded at much higher levels than female-predominant conditions, such as endometriosis and fibroids.3 Additionally, the sex- and gender-specific aspects of chronic conditions, such as osteoarthritis, have not been typically researched or fully explored. Team-based approaches to collaboration and communication can result in streamlined services that are more patient-centered and truly address reproductive health within the context of chronic condition management. [Extracted from the article]