Cone photoreceptors, dark adaptation, electroretinography, optogenetics, retina, rod photoreceptors Keywords: cone photoreceptors; dark adaptation; electroretinography; optogenetics; retina; rod photoreceptors EN cone photoreceptors dark adaptation electroretinography optogenetics retina rod photoreceptors 4583 4584 2 11/03/22 20221101 NES 221101 Rod and cone photoreceptors are highly specialised cells, with unique structural modifications to subserve their function as adaptive light detectors and the first neurons in the visual pathway. Molecular basis of phototransduction Phototransduction, the process by which the detection of light by the photoreceptor brings about an electrical response, has been elucidated at the molecular level in rods and cones, with important differences between the two classes of photoreceptor characterised. [Extracted from the article]