Dermoscopy is a non-invasive tool to appreciate epidermal and subepidermal structures that are not visible to the naked eye. It has been used for the past two decades to improve the accuracy in the clinical diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions, but in recent years its application has extended to other inflammatory and neoplastic skin disorders. Assessing the vascularity in nonmelanoma skin cancers is useful not only to differentiate between malignant and benign conditions, but also to orientate the surgical excision with regard to the margins of tumor invasion and to evaluate the efficacy of treatment. Our study aims to analyze the morphology and distribution of blood vessels using non-contact polarized light dermoscopy on a group of 42 patients with nonmelanoma skin cancers, in order to find the most common changes associated with these tumours, that aid in the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis. In our study non-melanoma skin cancers were represented by 35 cases of basal cell carcinoma (nodular type - 27 cases, superficial type - 6 cases, cicatricial type - 1 case, pigmented type - 1 case) and 7 cases of squamous cell carcinoma. The most common vascular feature in basal cell carcinoma was arborizing vessels with irregular, clustered distribution, while in squamous cell carcinoma polymorphous vessels with irregular distribution predominated. In conclusion, vascular assessment in non-melanoma skin cancers is useful to improve accuracy of clinical diagnosis, in association with anamnestic data and clinical macroscopic appearance of the lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]