BACKGROUND:: It has become a focus to look for new vertebral body filling materials which have the biomechanical property, biological activity and low cement leakage rate. OBJECTIVE:: To investigate the biomechanical characters and cement leakage rate of the vertebral bodies implanted with biodegradable reticulated balloon and calcium phosphate. METHODS:: Thirty-two vertebral bodies from pigs were randomly divided to four groups. For A group, 2.5-3.0 mL polymethacrylate cement was injected into the body through a unilateral thoracic pedicle pathway; for B group, 2.5-3.0 mL calcium phosphate cement were injected by the same protocol; for C group, the biodegradable reticulated balloons filled with 2.5-3.0 mL calcium phosphate cement were implanted; D group, including normal vertebral bodies, was designed as controls. Leakage of bone cement was observed in each group. The load-shift curves were recorded by an electronic universal testing machine (SCHENCK RSA-250). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:: The stiffness and strength of A group were significantly higher than those of D group (P < 0.05), and the stiffness and strength of B group were statistically lower than those of D group (P < 0.05). The stiffness and strength of C group, otherwise, were similar with those of D group (P > 0.05). Cement leakage rate of C group was lower than that of A or B group (P < 0.05). Vertebral bodies implanted with biodegradable reticulated balloons may lead to similar biomechanical characters as the normal vertebral bodies and reduce the cement leakage rate.