Erhu is one of the traditional Chinese musical instruments. With its unique characteristics, it occupies an important artistic position and plays an important artistic role in the national musical instruments.Heageum is loved by people for its vivid and unique timbre, which can simulate human voice. It has the charm of musical instrument itself. Today it is widely used in Korean traditional music.This paper systematically studies and discusses the playing methods of Erhu and Heageum from the three theoretical levels of structure, playing techniques and comparative analysis, which is of great practical significance to their inheritance and development.